Given an array of integers, search for a target value.
Examples:
nums = [-1,0,3,5,9,12], target = 9, return 4 (index of target 9)
nums = [-1,0,3,5,9,12], target = 2, return -1 (not found)
Array is sorted, so perform binary search
Time: O(log n)
Space: O(1)
*/
int search(int* nums, int numsSize, int target) {
int left = 0;
int right = numsSize-1;
while (left <= right) {
int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
if (nums[mid] == target) {
return mid;
}
else if (nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1;
}
else {
right = mid - 1;
}
}
return -1;
}