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<h1><img src="https://framework.ajaxjs.com/aj-logo/logo.png" style="vertical-align: middle;height: 45px;margin-bottom: 6px;" /> AJ Security</h1>
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<h3>HTTP Web 安全</h3>
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<a href="/http/http-referer-cn">HTTP Referer 校验</a>
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<a href="/http/timestamp-cn">时间戳加密 Token 校验</a>
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<h1>Google Recaptcha</h1>
<p>我们封装了 Google Recaptcha 验证，方便使用。reCAPTCHA v3 很牛逼，取消了用户互动交互，做到无感知验证。</p>
<h2>准备</h2>
<p>要有谷歌账户，去注册 <a href="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/admin">https://www.google.com/recaptcha/admin</a>。我们使用 reCAPTCHA v3</p>
<p><img src="/captcha/413153c9f85df5e54d02b1401f3da4de.png" alt=""></p>
<p>填入你的域名，技巧：
1、可多个域名存放在一个网站下（其实实际是不同网站也没关系）</p>
<p>2、添加 <code>localhost</code> 便于本地开发测试</p>
<p>最后获取 appId 和密钥。</p>
<p><img src="/captcha/1.jpg" alt=""></p>
<h1>使用</h1>
<p>我们使用自定义用法。</p>
<h2>引入脚本</h2>
<pre><code class="language-html"><!-- Google 防注册机验证 -->
<style>.grecaptcha-badge{display: none;}</style>
<script src="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js?render=XXXX"></script>
</code></pre>
<p><code>render</code> 参数是你的客户 appId，注意不是密钥。另外一个样式是隐藏 Google 标签的，自然大多数客户不想看到。</p>
<p><img src="/captcha/164f43cd827274a704fa4002b62dc529.png" alt=""></p>
<h2>前端</h2>
<p>一般来说要写入操作的表单都要验证一下（写入的操作）。我们在表单之前获取 Token 并作为参数传到后端。下面是标准表单提交的例子。</p>
<pre><code class="language-html"><script src="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LclfLMZAAAAAKC3YUTP4E3Ylc0PSvfXpneRePAH"></script>
<form id="myForm" action="http://localhost:8083/foo/captcha_google" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="name" />
<br />
<input type="text" name="age" />
<br />
<input type="hidden" name="grecaptchaToken" id="recaptchaToken" />
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
<p id="status"></p>
</form>
<script>
document.getElementById('myForm').addEventListener('submit', function (e) {
debugger
e.preventDefault(); // Prevent default form submission
const form = e.target;
const tokenInput = document.getElementById('recaptchaToken');
grecaptcha.ready(function () {
grecaptcha.execute('6LclfLMZAAAAAKC3YUTP4E3Ylc0PSvfnp8eRePAH', { action: 'submit' }).then(function (token) {
debugger
tokenInput.value = token; // Set token value in hidden input
form.submit(); // Now submit the form
});
});
});
</script>
</code></pre>
<p>相应修改 appId 即可。</p>
<p>POST JSON Raw Body 的例子：</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">document.getElementById('myForm').addEventListener('submit', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
const form = e.target;
const status = document.getElementById('status');
// Execute reCAPTCHA
grecaptcha.ready(function () {
grecaptcha.execute('6LclfLMZAAAAAKC3YUTP4Ylc0PSvfnpneRePAH', { action: 'submit' }).then(function (token) {
// Add token to form data
const formData = new FormData(form);
formData.append('token', token);
// Submit form via fetch
fetch('/api/submit-form', {
method: 'POST',
body: JSON.stringify(Object.fromEntries(formData)),
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
}
}).then(response => response.json()).then(data => {
status.textContent = data.message || 'Success!';
status.style.color = 'green';
form.reset();
}).catch(error => {
status.textContent = 'An error occurred.';
status.style.color = 'red';
console.error('Error:', error);
});
});
});
});
</code></pre>
<h2>服务端处理</h2>
<p>后端的原理就是把传入的 token 再请求 Google 校验是否合法。</p>
<h3>yaml 配置</h3>
<p>配置文件 <code>application.yml</code> 中添加如下内容：</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">security:
captcha:
google:
enabled: true
globalCheck: false # 全局检查
accessSecret: 6LclfLMZAAAAAD6XUpBL0qHKYWijay7-lGpOf
</code></pre>
<h3>拦截校验</h3>
<p>在使用的接口上添加<code>@GoogleCaptchaCheck</code>注解：</p>
<pre><code class="language-java">@PostMapping("/captcha_google")
@GoogleCaptchaCheck
boolean google(@RequestParam(GoogleCaptcha.PARAM_NAME) String token, @ModelAttribute User user);
</code></pre>
<p>校验通过，结果如下:</p>
<p><img src="/captcha/d20ef7798177009e31b7125122736d5f.png" alt=""></p>
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