基础自定义弹出框 (CustomDialog)(不推荐)
CustomDialog是自定义弹出框,可用于广告、中奖、警告、软件更新等与用户交互响应操作。开发者可以通过CustomDialogController类显示自定义弹出框。具体用法请参考自定义弹出框。
说明:
当前,ArkUI弹出框默认为非页面级弹出框,在页面路由跳转时,如果开发者未调用close方法将其关闭,弹出框将不会自动关闭。若需实现在跳转页面时覆盖弹出框的场景,可以使用组件导航子页面显示类型的弹窗类型或者页面级弹出框。
默认为模态弹窗且有蒙层,不可与蒙层下方控件进行交互(不支持点击和手势等向下透传)。可以通过配置isModal来实现模态和非模态弹窗,详细说明可参考弹窗的种类。
当isModal为true时,弹出框为模态弹窗,且弹窗周围的蒙层区不支持透传。isModal为false时,弹出框为非模态弹窗,且弹窗周围的蒙层区可以透传。因此如果需要同时允许弹出框的交互和弹出框外页面的交互行为,需要将弹出框设置为非模态。
创建自定义弹出框
-
使用@CustomDialog装饰器装饰自定义弹出框,可在此装饰器内自定义弹出框内容。CustomDialogController需在@Component内定义。
@CustomDialog struct CustomDialogExample { controller: CustomDialogController build() { Column() { Text('我是内容') .fontSize(20) }.height(60).justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center) } } -
创建构造器,与装饰器呼应相连。
@Entry @Component struct CustomDialogUser { dialogController: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({ builder: CustomDialogExample(), }) } -
点击与onClick事件绑定的组件使弹出框弹出。
@Entry @Component struct CustomDialogUser { dialogController: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({ builder: CustomDialogExample(), }) build() { Column() { Button('click me') .onClick(() => { this.dialogController.open(); }) }.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 }) } }
弹出框的交互
弹出框可用于数据交互,完成用户一系列响应操作。
-
在@CustomDialog装饰器内添加按钮和数据函数。
@CustomDialog struct CustomDialogExample { cancel: () => void = () => { } confirm: () => void = () => { } controller: CustomDialogController; build() { Column() { Text('我是内容').fontSize(20).margin({ top: 10, bottom: 10 }) Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceAround }) { Button('cancel') .onClick(() => { this.controller.close(); if (this.cancel) { this.cancel(); } }).backgroundColor(0xffffff).fontColor(Color.Black) Button('confirm') .onClick(() => { this.controller.close(); if (this.confirm) { this.confirm(); } }).backgroundColor(0xffffff).fontColor(Color.Red) }.margin({ bottom: 10 }) } } } -
页面内需要在构造器内进行接收,同时创建相应的函数操作。
@Entry @Component struct CustomDialogUser { dialogController: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({ builder: CustomDialogExample({ cancel: ()=> { this.onCancel() }, confirm: ()=> { this.onAccept() }, }), }); onCancel() { console.info('Callback when the first button is clicked'); } onAccept() { console.info('Callback when the second button is clicked'); } build() { Column() { Button('click me') .onClick(() => { this.dialogController.open(); }) }.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 }) } }
3.可通过弹出框中的按钮实现路由跳转,同时获取跳转页面向当前页传入的参数。
// Index.ets @CustomDialog struct CustomDialogExample { @Link textValue: string; controller?: CustomDialogController; cancel: () => void = () => { } confirm: () => void = () => { } build() { Column({ space: 20 }) { if (this.textValue != '') { Text(`第二个页面的内容为:${this.textValue}`) .fontSize(20) } else { Text('是否获取第二个页面的内容') .fontSize(20) } Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceAround }) { Button('cancel') .onClick(() => { if (this.controller != undefined) { this.controller.close(); this.cancel(); } }).backgroundColor(0xffffff).fontColor(Color.Black) Button('confirm') .onClick(() => { if (this.controller != undefined && this.textValue != '') { this.controller.close(); } else if (this.controller != undefined) { this.getUIContext().getRouter().pushUrl({ url: 'pages/Index2' }); this.controller.close(); } }).backgroundColor(0xffffff).fontColor(Color.Red) }.margin({ bottom: 10 }) }.borderRadius(10).padding({ top: 20 }) } } @Entry @Component struct CustomDialogUser { @State textValue: string = ''; dialogController: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({ builder: CustomDialogExample({ cancel: () => { this.onCancel() }, confirm: () => { this.onAccept() }, textValue: this.textValue }) }); // 在自定义组件即将析构销毁时将dialogController置空 aboutToDisappear() { this.dialogController = null; // 将dialogController置空 } onPageShow() { const params = this.getUIContext().getRouter().getParams() as Record<string, string>; // 获取传递过来的参数对象 if (params) { this.dialogController?.open(); this.textValue = params.info as string; // 获取info属性的值 } } onCancel() { console.info('Callback when the first button is clicked'); } onAccept() { console.info('Callback when the second button is clicked'); } exitApp() { console.info('Click the callback in the blank area'); } build() { Column() { Button('click me') .onClick(() => { if (this.dialogController != null) { this.dialogController.open(); } }).backgroundColor(0x317aff) }.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 }) } }// Index2.ets @Entry @Component struct Index2 { @State message: string = '点击返回'; build() { Column() { Button(this.message) .type(ButtonType.Capsule) .onClick(() => { this.getUIContext().getRouter().back({ url: 'pages/Index', params: { info: 'Hello World' } }); }) }.width('100%').height('100%').margin({ top: 20 }) } }
弹出框的动画
弹出框通过定义openAnimation控制弹出框出现动画的持续时间,速度等参数。
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExample {
controller?: CustomDialogController;
build() {
Column() {
Text('Whether to change a text?').fontSize(16).margin({ bottom: 10 })
}
}
}
@Entry
@Component
struct CustomDialogUser {
@State textValue: string = '';
@State inputValue: string = 'click me';
dialogController: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExample(),
openAnimation: {
duration: 1200,
curve: Curve.Friction,
delay: 500,
playMode: PlayMode.Alternate,
onFinish: () => {
console.info('play end')
}
},
autoCancel: true,
alignment: DialogAlignment.Bottom,
offset: { dx: 0, dy: -20 },
gridCount: 4,
customStyle: false,
backgroundColor: 0xd9ffffff,
cornerRadius: 10,
});
// 在自定义组件即将析构销毁时将dialogController置空
aboutToDisappear() {
this.dialogController = null; // 将dialogController置空
}
build() {
Column() {
Button(this.inputValue)
.onClick(() => {
if (this.dialogController != null) {
this.dialogController.open();
}
}).backgroundColor(0x317aff)
}.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 })
}
}

弹出框的样式
通过定义弹出框的宽度、高度、背景色、阴影等参数,控制其样式。
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExample {
controller?: CustomDialogController;
build() {
Column() {
Text('我是内容').fontSize(16).margin({ bottom: 10 })
}
}
}
@Entry
@Component
struct CustomDialogUser {
@State textValue: string = '';
@State inputValue: string = 'click me';
dialogController: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExample(),
autoCancel: true,
alignment: DialogAlignment.Center,
offset: { dx: 0, dy: -20 },
gridCount: 4,
customStyle: false,
backgroundColor: 0xd9ffffff,
cornerRadius: 20,
width: '80%',
height: '100px',
borderWidth: 1,
borderStyle: BorderStyle.Dashed,//使用borderStyle属性,需要和borderWidth属性一起使用
borderColor: Color.Blue,//使用borderColor属性,需要和borderWidth属性一起使用
shadow: ({ radius: 20, color: Color.Grey, offsetX: 50, offsetY: 0}),
});
// 在自定义组件即将析构销毁时将dialogController置空
aboutToDisappear() {
this.dialogController = null; // 将dialogController置空
}
build() {
Column() {
Button(this.inputValue)
.onClick(() => {
if (this.dialogController != null) {
this.dialogController.open();
}
}).backgroundColor(0x317aff)
}.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 })
}
}

嵌套自定义弹出框
通过第一个弹出框打开第二个弹出框时,最好将第二个弹出框定义在第一个弹出框的父组件处,通过父组件传给第一个弹出框的回调来打开第二个弹出框。
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExampleTwo {
controllerTwo?: CustomDialogController;
@State message: string = "I'm the second dialog box.";
@State showIf: boolean = false;
build() {
Column() {
if (this.showIf) {
Text("Text")
.fontSize(30)
.height(100)
}
Text(this.message)
.fontSize(30)
.height(100)
Button("Create Text")
.onClick(() => {
this.showIf = true;
})
Button('Close Second Dialog Box')
.onClick(() => {
if (this.controllerTwo != undefined) {
this.controllerTwo.close();
}
})
.margin(20)
}
}
}
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExample {
openSecondBox?: () => void
controller?: CustomDialogController
build() {
Column() {
Button('Open Second Dialog Box and close this box')
.onClick(() => {
this.controller!.close();
this.openSecondBox!();
})
.margin(20)
}.borderRadius(10)
}
}
@Entry
@Component
struct CustomDialogUser {
@State inputValue: string = 'Click Me';
dialogController: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExample({
openSecondBox: () => {
if (this.dialogControllerTwo != null) {
this.dialogControllerTwo.open()
}
}
}),
cancel: this.exitApp,
autoCancel: true,
alignment: DialogAlignment.Bottom,
offset: { dx: 0, dy: -20 },
gridCount: 4,
customStyle: false
});
dialogControllerTwo: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExampleTwo(),
alignment: DialogAlignment.Bottom,
offset: { dx: 0, dy: -25 }
});
aboutToDisappear() {
this.dialogController = null;
this.dialogControllerTwo = null;
}
onCancel() {
console.info('Callback when the first button is clicked');
}
onAccept() {
console.info('Callback when the second button is clicked');
}
exitApp() {
console.info('Click the callback in the blank area');
}
build() {
Column() {
Button(this.inputValue)
.onClick(() => {
if (this.dialogController != null) {
this.dialogController.open();
}
}).backgroundColor(0x317aff)
}.width('100%').margin({ top: 5 })
}
}

由于自定义弹出框在状态管理侧有父子关系,如果将第二个弹出框定义在第一个弹出框内,那么当父组件(第一个弹出框)被销毁(关闭)时,子组件(第二个弹出框)内无法再继续创建新的组件。
实现弹出框的物理返回拦截
执行点击遮障层关闭、侧滑(左滑或右滑)、三键Back、键盘ESC关闭等交互操作时,如果注册了onWillDismiss回调函数,弹出框不会立即关闭。在回调函数中,通过reason获取阻拦关闭弹出框的操作类型,根据原因决定是否关闭弹出框。
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExample {
cancel: () => void = () => {
}
confirm: () => void = () => {
}
controller?: CustomDialogController;
build() {
Column() {
Text('Are you sure?')
.fontSize(20)
.margin({
top: 10,
bottom: 10
})
Row() {
Button('cancel')
.onClick(() => {
if (this.controller != undefined) {
this.controller.close();
}
})
.backgroundColor(0xffffff)
.fontColor(Color.Black)
Button('confirm')
.onClick(() => {
if (this.controller != undefined) {
this.controller.close();
}
})
.backgroundColor(0xffffff)
.fontColor(Color.Red)
}
.width('100%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceAround)
.margin({ bottom: 10 })
}
}
}
@Entry
@Component
struct InterceptCustomDialog {
dialogController: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExample({
cancel: () => {
this.onCancel();
},
confirm: () => {
this.onAccept();
}
}),
onWillDismiss: (dismissDialogAction: DismissDialogAction) => {
console.info('dialog onWillDismiss reason: ' + dismissDialogAction.reason);
// 1、PRESS_BACK 点击三键back、侧滑(左滑/右滑)、键盘ESC。
// 2、TOUCH_OUTSIDE 点击遮障层时
// 3、CLOSE_BUTTON 点击关闭按钮
if (dismissDialogAction.reason === DismissReason.PRESS_BACK) {
// 处理业务逻辑后通过dismiss主动关闭对话框
// dismissDialogAction.dismiss();
}
if (dismissDialogAction.reason === DismissReason.TOUCH_OUTSIDE) {
// dismissDialogAction.dismiss();
}
},
alignment: DialogAlignment.Bottom,
offset: { dx: 0, dy: -20 }
})
onCancel() {
console.info('Callback when the first button is clicked');
}
onAccept() {
console.info('Callback when the second button is clicked');
}
build() {
Column() {
Button('click me')
.onClick(() => {
this.dialogController.open();
})
}
.width('100%')
}
}

设置弹出框避让软键盘的距离
为显示弹出框的独立性,弹出框弹出时会与周边进行避让,包括状态栏、导航条以及键盘等留有间距。故当软键盘弹出时,默认情况下,弹出框会自动避开软键盘,并与之保持16vp的距离。开发者可以利用CustomDialogControllerOptions中的keyboardAvoidMode和keyboardAvoidDistance这两个配置项,来设置弹出框在软键盘弹出时的行为,包括是否需要避开软键盘以及与软键盘之间的距离。 设置软键盘间距时,需要将keyboardAvoidMode值设为KeyboardAvoidMode.DEFAULT。
// xxx.ets
import { LengthMetrics } from '@kit.ArkUI'
@CustomDialog
struct CustomDialogExample {
controller?: CustomDialogController;
build() {
Column() {
Column() {
Text('keyboardAvoidDistance: 0vp')
.fontSize(20)
.margin({ bottom: 36 })
TextInput({ placeholder: '' })
}.backgroundColor('#FFF0F0F0')
}
}
}
@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
dialogController: CustomDialogController | null = new CustomDialogController({
builder: CustomDialogExample({
}),
autoCancel: true,
gridCount: 4,
showInSubWindow: true,
isModal: true,
customStyle: false,
cornerRadius: 30,
alignment:DialogAlignment.Bottom,
keyboardAvoidMode: KeyboardAvoidMode.DEFAULT, // 软键盘弹出时,弹出框自动避让
keyboardAvoidDistance: LengthMetrics.vp(0) // 软键盘弹出时与弹出框的距离为0vp
})
build() {
Row() {
Row({ space: 20 }) {
Text('打开弹窗')
.fontSize(30)
.onClick(() => {
if (this.dialogController != null) {
this.dialogController.open();
}
})
}
.width('100%')
}
.height('100%')
}
}
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相关实例
针对自定义弹出框开发,有以下相关实例可供参考: